Considerations for purchasing viscometers | A&D Weighing

 

·         Viscometers: The Science of Measuring Fluid Flow Vis

·         Viscometers measure the speed at which a fluid flows under its own volition. Viscometry, Viscometer, Viscometrics Viscometers measure viscosity (the internal friction of a fluid) by putting it between two plates; one stationary and one moving. Viscometers tell us how fluid deforms in response to shear stress -- the force that happens when two objects slide across each other.

·         Viscometers are instruments that measure the fluid flow and viscosity of liquids. The viscosity of a liquid can affect its performance, whether this is pumping or piping it, or how it performs for dipping and coating.

·         Measuring viscosity, therefore, applies to a wide range of materials, including:

• Oil
• Plastics
• Paints
• Coatings
• Adhesives
• Wax
• Asphalt

Measuring viscosity and flow properties also applies to the production of familiar consumer items such as food and drink, toothpaste, cosmetics and shampoo.

Viscometers show us how much time it takes for different fluids to flow through an aperture under certain conditions (temperature, pressure etc.).

Viscometers are used to determine many kinds of properties about liquids because they can be used with all kinds of liquids -- from honey to paint-thinner - without any chemical reaction or change.

Viscometers can even be used to measure properties of solids and gases by taking into account the viscosity of the fluid that covers that solid or gas, such as air or water.

What is Viscosity?

Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.

Standard units are millipascal-second (mPa-s) or poise (P), sometimes cP, mbar-s/cm2, lb f - s /ft2, etc.

There is a formula for measuring viscosity:

Viscosity = sheer stress/shear rate.

The larger the viscosity number, the higher the resistance of the fluid to flow. Viscosity is related to temperature and shear rate in anosotropic fluids; often it may be stated for a specific temperature.

An important example of viscosity is blood, which flows more easily when warm than when cold because its reduced viscosity permits greater mobility of its cells through narrowed vessels when blood is heated . .

A high viscosity is characteristic of molasses, corn syrup, and some power lubricants . The thickened fluids are used in paints, toothpastes , cosmetics , adhesives, wood products that require gluing or staining to increase their effectiveness, foods for special diets , etc.

A low viscosity is characteristic of air at ordinary atmospheric pressure; it can be increased considerably by compressing the gas without changing its composition.

Gases behave very differently from liquids in this respect because they are easily compressed. For example, air has a viscosity about one-fifteenth that of water at 0°C (32°F); when air flows through machinery it exerts comparatively little resistance to flow.

A similar but opposite effect is represented by the action of gas under great pressure, as in the air chamber of an automobile tire. The air is held under pressure greater than atmospheric by a strong spring or pump connected with the air chamber.

When the car moves forward, it presses on this "spring"; its seat compresses this high-pressure gas until it exerts considerable force against its seat and drives the car forward. If you had some water that was not moving at all , then you could unambiguously say that .

However, if you have some water flowing down your sink at 1 cm/sec , then depending on what you are measuring viscosity from, there would be different values for each velocity measurement.

How Does a Viscometer work?

Viscometers measure the resistance of a fluid to flow. Viscometers are typically used with liquids that do not mix with other materials (e.g., oil in water). They can also be used with some slurries, but usually require dilution if their concentration is more than about 5% by volume. Viscometry measures the shear rate at which a liquid flows under its own shear stress or tensile stress, as defined below:

A viscosimeter consists of three parts: a container large enough for stirring and containing the test fluid; a stand to support this container; and an attached spindle that allows both rotational and linear motion during testing.

What Factors Can Affect Viscosity Measurements?

 

When scientists and engineers measure viscosity, they want to know the consistency of a certain fluid. The viscosity is simply a measure of how "thick" or "runny" a fluid is. There are two different types of viscosity measurements: dynamic and kinematic. Dynamic, also called absolute or storage, measures the time taken for an object to move through the fluid under its own momentum. For example, if you take your hand out of a bathtub full of water very slowly, each cubic centimeter (cc) will flow away from your hand at its own pace, creating more resistance to motion as it flows.

Kinematic viscosity, sometimes called superficial simply describes how easy it would be to move a certain volume of the fluid over a particular area. For example, if you take your hand out of a bathtub full of water fast, all the cc's will flow away at the same pace.

                Both types are generally measured using viscometers , devices that measure viscosity by determining how much time it takes for an object to fall through the fluid or by measuring how much distance it travels in a set period of time. Viscometers can be made much more precise than this simple experiment, however. The shape and size of the object inside them varies based on what exactly is being tested. For example, if scientists want to know kinematic viscosity they would use an instrument called an Ostwald Viscometer to determine the ratio between distance and time.

                When a viscometer is measuring kinematic viscosity, it drops an object from a certain height into the fluid being tested. The object travels through the fluid at a constant speed until it hits the bottom of the container holding the liquid. A device called a photoelectric sensor detects when this happens and stops counting time. Then, using trigonometry, engineers calculate how far the drop traveled in that amount of time to give them a measurement for viscosity or kinematic viscosity .

                This process has many variables that can affect scientists' measurements. For example, temperature can have a significant impact on measurements because fluids generally flow faster when they are hot. The way the viscometer is set up can also have a big effect on measurements because every experiment needs to be standardized so that scientists are testing the same thing under similar conditions. Gravity can also play a role in these experiments. If tests are being run at different elevations, impact velocity will change with elevation and this will affect the results of the test .

                Viscometers measure more than just kinematic viscosity; another important variable they test for is called dynamic (or absolute) viscosity . Dynamic viscosity measures how much force is required to move an object through a fluid or how difficult it is to make something flow. Scientists use rheometers , devices which pull an object through the fluid being tested, to measure dynamic viscosity.

                The two most common types of rheometers are plate and cone . Plate rheometers consist of a thin metal plate that sits horizontally on top of a pan filled with liquid. As soon as scientists start this experiment, they know exactly how far the plate has traveled because it is parallel to the container holding the fluid. Scientists use various speeds to pull the object through the liquid until they have enough data for their experiments. Since it's easy to standardize conditions in these experiments, this type of rheometer gives very accurate dynamic or absolute viscosity measurements.

                Cone Viscometers are similar in principle but more complicated because they operate on the principle of centrifugal force. Scientists use cone viscometers to measure dynamic (or absolute) viscosity by placing weights on an object and spinning it in a cone-shaped container full of fluid. When scientists place different amounts of weight on the same cone, they can vary the resistance created by the fluid and this will affect how fast gravity pulls everything back down to Earth so they can calculate specific measurements for viscosities .

                Viscometers are very important scientific instruments that help engineers develop safety features for their products. For example, people who work with oil need tools that help them know just how thick their product is at different temperatures because they need to be able to pump it pipelines. Viscometers determine dynamic and kinematic viscosity and engineers use this information to help them find out how thick or runny oil is so they can ensure that it is the right consistency for their purposes.

                Viscometers also play a huge role in helping people determine whether water is safe to drink. Water has a certain viscosity that allows it to flow properly through pipes without causing damage such as erosion or corrosion. If water has too much or too little viscosity, it can become dangerous because it will not be able to do its job of transporting waste and drinking materials through the piping system correctly. Every year, consumers lose property due to damaged property caused by improperly flowing chemicals and process waters.

While the process of measuring a fluid’s viscosity might appear simple, there are factors to consider, if these measurements are going to be accurate.

Temperature is a critical factor. The function of the temperature-controlled bath is to maintain a precise temperature throughout the process. You should be able to control the bath temperature to within 0.02°C of your required temperature (usually 40 or 100°C). If the viscosity measurement is given at two different temperatures, it will be necessary to know the temperature of the fluid when it was measured.

 

Temperature can also affect viscosity readings in both positive and negative ways. Temperature increases cause an increase in flow; that is why high-temperature fluids are more difficult to stop than low-temperature ones (hot coffee spills out quickly). The opposite effect occurs with decreasing temperature; lowering the temperature reduces the fluid’s thickening, or shear strength (cold tea seeps slowly through a tea bag due partly to this phenomenon).

Pressure affects fluid flow. Pressure has no effect on Newtonian liquids because they depend only on their driving force, not on what they pass through. However, pressure does affect non-Newtonian fluids; the presence of an external force (e.g., a pump) causes a dilatancy effect as they strain to move through the constriction and increase in flow as pressure increases (a sauce would be more difficult to pump than water).

The shape of the container can alter viscosity measurements. Viscometers are calibrated for cylindrical containers with no flat surfaces and with small diameter/height ratios. If you use a different type of vessel, such as a graduated cylinder or volumetric flask, you need to know its calibration tolerance and take into account the differences between it and your instrument’s calibration curve. You can do this by comparing results from the two instruments over the measuring range of your fluid.

The viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids is affected by temperature, pH, concentration and electrolyte content. Typically, these factors must be controlled in order to keep the value of the viscosity constant for most operations. For example, the addition of salt to water results in an increase in its viscosity. However, at higher concentrations (usually above 0.6%) this effect disappears because individual ions are not able to move freely through the solution due to interactions with other ionic species. On the other hand, mixtures may have variable properties depending on which ingredient is dominant; for example petrolatum-based ointments are less viscous than paraffin

 

What is a Rheometers and types of rheometer?

 

Rheology is the study of deformation and flow of matter, especially as applied to fluids or soft matter (such as polymers or biological tissue). It has many subfields including rheometry, viscoelasticity, shear rheology (ation), thin film rheology, melt rheology, dielectric rheology, creep

Rheometers are instruments used to measure the viscosity of a fluid. Viscometers are devices that are used to measure the change in velocity of a fluid with respect to time or shear rate or strain rate when subjected to certain forces or stresses. Viscometry is the measurement of kinematic viscosity which is the ratio of dynamic shearing stress to shearing rate.

The SI unit for kinematic viscosity in S/m in m²/s (= kg/(m s)). It has several types of Viscometers but they can be grouped into three broad categories: rotational Viscometers (whether they use rotational or oscillatory shear), Coriolis Viscometers (which use the Coriolis effect to determine viscosity by measuring acceleration) and flow Viscometers (in which flow is used as an aid to rheometry).

Rheometers are ideal for measuring the viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids..

 

There are four types of rheometer:

• Capillary Vis
• Dynamic rotational
• Torque
• Oscillatory

Capillary Rheometers:  The Simplest types of viscosimeters are capillary viscosimeters. These use a thin tube with the same diameter as the smallest opening at one end, which is mounted vertically and supplied with a liquid on one side of it. This viscosimeter requires a special technique called CASTU for its operation. In CASTU, a hollow cone is rotated slowly around an axis perpendicular to that of the cone while a known torque is applied to the cone parallel to that axis of rotation. Using this relationship between torque and angle from experiments performed on liquids viscosities were known beforehand, measurements can be made on liquids of unknown viscosities. Once the cone angle has been measured, it is possible to determine the dynamic (absolute) viscosity according to Stoke's law:

where formula_2 is the cone angle, formula_3 is the torque in inch-ounces and formula_4 is the dynamic shear modulus in lbf/in². Since this method yields an absolute or dynamic measure of viscosity when measuring Newtonian fluids like water, it gives only relative values for non-Newtonian fluids like SAE 30 motor oil. Consequently, other types of Viscometers are used for non-Newtonian fluid measurements.

Dynamic Rotational Rheometers : The next simplest Rheometers are the ones based on dynamic rotational principle. For measurements of viscosity, these Viscometers use bowl shaped bodies that rotate at a constant speed in the liquid under test. Measurement is made by attaching small weights to the rotating body and measuring the force required to keep it revolving. The viscosity is given by

where formula_2 is the torque (in pound-force), formula_3 is the angular velocity in radians per second and formula_6 is gravitational constant in ft³/slug² or lbf³/(slug * s). These Viscometers yield absolute values for Newtonian fluids but measure only relative viscosities for non-Newtonian fluids. Torque Viscometers

are also used for Rheological measurements of non-Newtonian fluids.

Torque Rheometers : Torque Rheometers are the most common Viscometers used to measure viscosity in Rheology experiments. These Viscometers use a rotating plate with a hole drilled in it through which a spindle is attached to load cell, with torque being measured by the load cell. The viscosity is then given by

where formula_8 is torque or force exerted on the holding device, formula_3 is angular velocity and formula_10 represents moment of inertia of the rotor system measured in slug * ft²/rad²

Oscillatory Rheometer: An oscillatory Rheometer uses an electromagnet that produces an oscillating magnetic field to determine Rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids. By controlling the amplitude and frequency, Rheology data for shear thinning fluids can be obtained. Rheometers are used in Rheology studies because they are able to provide viscosity measurements at different shear rates without using other devices like rotational Viscometers or parallel plate Rheometers. Rheometers also enable herstectors to study Rheological parameters such as complex modulus (G*) and loss factor (tan delta) which help determine consistency and stability of materials like paints and drilling fluids.

Difference between rheometers and viscometers.

Rheometers and viscometers are devices used to measure the viscosity or fluid flow of a substance, such as oil or lubricant. Rheometers and viscometers both work by measuring resistance to flow; however, they use different methods.

Viscometers make use of several scientific principles to determine fluid flow rate (or viscosity). The first principle is that the more viscous a liquid is, the more it will resist flowing. On Earth this is due to gravity pulling on particles in the affected area; if one end of a tube containing a viscous liquid is lower than another then for example water will gradually ooze its way down towards that end until it reaches once again. Rheometers work by measuring resistance to flow in a liquid. Rheometers are commonly used in the petroleum industry, for example when determining if oil is viscous enough to be useful.

Both viscometers and rheometers have their own specific uses. A viscometer will typically indicate the rate at which liquid flows through a known area under specified conditions of temperature, gravity, viscosity etc.; whereas a rheometer determines only these rates without any reference to external factors such as gravity or viscosity. Information gained from using viscometers can then be used to determine how viscous different substances are, whether they are being driven by shear stress or extensional stress , and whether certain qualities of the liquid could make it dangerous for use in machinery. Rheometers can be used to determine how quickly a liquid is flowing, and whether fluid flow is caused by shear stress or extensional stress . Rheometers cannot give viscosity values for different liquids without viscometer calibration (which requires prior knowledge of the samples' viscosities). However, rheometer-measured viscosities are generally more precise than viscometer-determined ones.

 

How Rheometers Work ?

Rheometers measure fluid resistance under stress. The simplest form of such a device consists of two plates separated vertically by a known distance and both submerged in the same liquid sample. One plate moves at a constant speed over the other while two sensors measure the resulting shear force. Rheometers can also be used to measure extensional stress instead of shear stress, which is done by allowing the fluid sample to flow between the plates rather than being stationary under one plate. Rheometers are widely used in industry for various applications including quality control testing, process optimization, research etc.

 

Applications of viscometers and Rheometers

• Pharmaceutical, biotech and clinical research
• Petrochemical and oil
• Food and drink
• Chemical
• Beauty and cosmetics
• Forensics
• Environmental testing
• Manufacturing research and development.

 

Viscometers and Rheometers measure viscosity, a key physical property of liquids. Liquids that have the ability to flow are called viscous liquids or fluids. Examples include blood, engine oil, chocolate syrup and shoe polish. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or extensional stress. The higher the viscosity of a liquid in relation to its shear rate (the time taken for one layer of material to slide over another - often measured in seconds), the more resistant it will be. Rheometers rely on Archimedes' Principle; Rheometers use this principle to calculate viscosity based on how much weight is displaced within a known volume of liquid, whereas viscometers use forces which are needed to accelerate the material under study. Rheometers are used where accurate measurements of very high viscosities are needed, or if samples need to be kept for further processing. Rheometers are more expensive than viscometers but offer more flexibility and accuracy over longer periods of time. A Rheometer compensates for any changes in ambient temperature by automatically adjusting sample temperatures (if required). Rheometric measurements include; Rheology (the study of deformation and flow), osmometry (measurement of osmotic pressure) and pykometry (measurement of permeability).

 

In pharmaceutical, biotech and clinical research Rheometers are used to measure the viscosity of a wide range of substances from pastes to semi-solids and fluids. Rheometers can also be used for suspending agents in liquids which facilitates the formation of uniform mixtures. Rheometer viscometers have a number of applications in food production such as measuring fluid consistency in order to determine cooking time or fasting viscosity. Rheometers use different scales including sP (calculated using CGS units), SSU (Stability System Unit) and V poise, these measurements apply when Rheometers are used to check food products with high molecular weight polymers such as gels, jams, honey etc.

In Petrochemical Rheometers are used to measure the flow and viscosity of liquid petroleum products, turbine oils and process liquids. Rheometer viscometers can be used for quality control checks at manufacturing plants as well as R&D testing laboratories. Rheometers use scales such as IP (intrinsic plastic) and Engler degrees which apply when Rheometers are used to check polymer solutions such as asphalt, lubricating grease etc.

In food production Rheometers are used to test the consistency of all kinds of foods including meats, dairy products and processed fruit or vegetable products as well as be able to test whether different additives have been mixed into the product correctly. Rheometer viscometers can also be used in order to determine the yield point and consistency of starches. Rheometer viscometers can also be used in order to check whether starch syrups such as dextrose, maltose and fructose are at the correct concentration before fermentation or drying takes place. Rheometers use scales such as degrees Brix (calculated using CGS units), PL (Plato) and Baumé which apply when Rheometers are used in order to check sugar solutions such as cane sugar juices etc.

In food production Rheometers in beverage research & development Rheometers are often used to determine fluid consistency, gelling properties/gelation time, clarity of fruit juice or wine, product homogeneity and yield stress of dairy-derived fluids such as cream, ice cream mix or whey protein. Rheometers use scales such as degrees Brix (calculated using CGS units), Theta (Greek letter) and Rieble which apply when Rheometers are used to check fruit juice syrups etc. Rheometers also have a wide range of industrial applications from testing the viscosity of paints, inks and coatings to checking asphalt for road building purposes. In forensic research Rheometers are often used to determine the viscosity of blood at different temperatures i.e. checking if a splatter pattern found on clothes is from blood at room temperature or from warm, recently flowing blood. Rheometer viscometers can be used in order to measure the resistance.

Example applications include:

• Measuring the flow of engine oil under different temperature conditions
• Analyzing the flow properties of milk to design suitable piping systems
• Checking the viscosity of jams and syrups to ensure batch consistency.

 

Rheometers and viscometers are used to characterize the flow properties of a fluid. Rheometers measure how much work is required to move a solid through a flowing fluid, while viscometers measure the relative viscous resistance of different fluids. Rheometers are mostly used in industry settings, while viscometers are more common lab instruments that can be found in science classrooms throughout the world. Rheometry is defined as "the branch of mechanics that deals with motion of materials", while viscosity is defined as, "resistance of one fluid to flow compared with another". Rheometrics involve measuring stress or strain under shear conditions which depend on rheological parameters, such as yield stresses or extensional stresses or viscosities. Rheometrics are essential to the study of fluid mechanics, rheology, plasticity theory, materials science, geophysics and nanotechnology. Rheometers are extremely important in the plastics industry where they are used to determine both melt flow index (MFI) and melt volume rate (MVR).

Viscosity is a measure of how resistant a fluid is to motion under shear strain; it is also known as "the resistance of fluid against deformation". It can be visualized as its tendency either to resist flowing or speed up Stokes' law. The equation below denotes this relationship:

where tau represents viscosity; dv/dt represents the velocity gradient; R represents the

radius of the cylinder, R represents the fluid's density, and g represents gravitational acceleration.

 

Rheometers may be used to measure viscosity by determining if a solid is moving through a liquid, or if one liquid is moving unaggressively within another. Rheometer tests result in rheology curves that can be analyzed with rheological models, which are mathematical representations of the flow behavior at a range of shear rates. Rheology models use parameters such as those explained below:

dynamic viscosity -

Now let's take all this information and put it into practical applications! Rheologists deal with any kind of situation involving flow, whether it is industrial or laboratory based.

 

Types of viscometers:

• Capillary viscometers
• Rotational viscometers
• Rolling ball, falling ball, sphere, and piston viscometers

 

Capillary viscometers:

Used to measure the Rheological properties of liquids and fluid gels, such as toothpaste and paint. The capillary viscosity is defined as the dynamic (time-dependent) response of a fluid to imposed shear stress or tensile stress at very low Reynolds number; i.e., when the ratio of inertial force Rω^2 to viscous force R(μ*/ρ) is small. In practice, it is often difficult for an experimentalist in a laboratory situation to manipulate this ratio in order that Rω^2>>R(μ*/ρ). Instead, many experimenters use an empirical parameter called apparent viscosity where η*=η/η0 where η and η0 are the viscosities of the fluid in shear flow and at rest, respectively.

 

Rotational viscometers:

A rotating Rheometer consists of a rotor with blades attached to its surface. The rotor can be rotated around its axis and it has an electric motor driving it by means of a belt (Figure 2(a)) or gear train (Figure 2(b)). Rotation is either done by hand or automatically using stepping motors. Rheological measurements may involve oscillatory as well as steady rotation, depending on the nature of the material under test (MUT). For experiments such as plate shear tests (also called steady-state rheometry) Rheometers will typically operate at constant speed, whereas for oscillatory experiments Rheometers will measure the viscosity as a function of angular velocity (the Rheometer is rotating at different speeds) (Figure 3). Rheometers need to be fitted with sensors which monitor various conditions during an experiment. For example, temperature sensors are fitted to ensure accurate temperature control; pressure transducers are required in general if the Rheometer is to make accurate measurements of viscosity under stress; and Rheometers used for dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), like the DMS Q800 Rheometer, even have optical devices fitted to allow real-time observation of deformation.

 

Rolling ball, falling ball, sphere, and piston viscometers:

These viscometers measure the time for a ball, sphere, or piston to fall through the fluid. They do not give an absolute value of viscosity but can be used to check that two fluids have approximately identical values. They are covered by ISO 3104.

It is important to note that Rheometer and Rheological measurements provide crucial information about materials such as food for use in manufacturing processes which involve flow. Rheometers are important tools for R&D chemists, at universities and Rheology companies, who study shear-thinning behaviour, structure formation etc., during processing of their material product or samples under various conditions simulating real life applications . For example,heometers are very useful for R&D studies on the shear-thinning behaviour of foodstuff under high stress conditions, Rheometers are extensively used in R&D to study various properties of materials such as Rheological, Rheo-optical effects etc., viscosity of liquids or semi-solid foods is measured using Rheometers. . Rheology measurements provide information about yield stress and flow curves which are important for product development in many fields. For example, Rheology measurements are also crucial for R&D cheese manufacturing processes to design new textures or create cheese with improved functionalities. Furthermore, Rheology is used in all aspects of food product development from process control to formulation work to improve the texture properties of a particular product.

 

Considerations for purchasing viscometers

At a minimum, the following factors should be considered:

• Viscosity range
• Accuracy
• Temperature control
• Sample volume and microvolume capability
• Automation and computer interfacing
• Regulatory requirements and industry standards.

 

The viscosity range of a viscometer is the range of viscosities that can be measured by the instrument. An RVDT can measure shear rates from ∼0.1 to 10,000 sec -1

An RVDT has an accuracy within 0.5% of reading ± 0.01 units for a full-scale range of 2–20%, and ± 0.001 units for a full-scale range exceeding 20%. RVDTs with dual scales have two different accuracies – one for each scale – because RVDTs typically cannot provide more than one output signal at a time (for example, force and velocity). In addition, RVDTs require periodic calibration checks to ensure that they are performing within their stated accuracy. RVDTs typically are calibrated by factory technicians, for example before shipment of the RVDT to the customer’s laboratory. RVDTs provide both analog and digital outputs

Temperature control is important because viscosity varies with temperature (see "Dynamic Rheometry"). Therefore, if viscosity measurements are obtained at different temperatures, it can be challenging to discern whether a difference in viscosity results from a real change or a simple difference in temperature.

Sample volume and microvolume capability have implications for viscometry with RVDTs when only a small amount of sample is available. RVDTs measure torque, so they can accommodate smaller sample volumes than some other types of rheometer (see Rheometers for Shear Stress and Rheometers for Shear Rate ). RVDTs that use a small load cell to measure the torque can accommodate microvolumes down to 0.001 g in size, whereas RVDT instruments with a larger load cell typically accommodate much larger samples, such as 1 g or more.

Automation and computer interfacing are important elements when viscosity measurements need extremely accurate application of shear stress or when an RVDT must be used for unattended operation. RVDTs with electronic and digital interfaces to computers and data acquisition systems can operate in automated mode, transferring their signals via serial communication protocols such as RS-232C/V24, USB or Ethernet to a computer or data acquisition system. RVDTs with computer interface are ideal for measuring viscosity at different temperatures in temperature-controlled RVDT cell holders

 

Regulatory requirements and industry standards

are important factors to consider when purchasing RVDTs, especially if they will be used to measure foodstuffs or cosmetics.

 

Top Industry standard Viscometers and Rheometer

RV-10000A Tuning Fork Vibro Rheometer

Drawing on A&D’s proven sensor technology for high- resolution analytical balances, the RV-10000A Tuning Fork Vibro Rheometer is a breakthrough alternative to conventional methods in the research of non-Newtonian fluid properties, especially for ease and precision in low viscosity measurements.

 

SV10-100 Sine-Wave Vibro Viscometers

 

The RheoSense SV10-100 Sine-Wave Vibro Rheometer is a simple, efficient tool for viscosity measurements on Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids from 0.1 Pa·s to 100000 mPa·s.

THE RHEOSENSE SV10 VISCOMETER IS RATED TO RANGE FROM 100 to 100000 mPa.s RATES WITH RANGE SWITCH ON RHEOMETER

If you are in the market for a viscometer, be sure to consider all of your needs and wants before making a purchase. Make sure to contact A&D Weighing to learn more about our products and how we can help you find the best solution for your business.